Vapor generator



Apri 12, 1938. .1 KLLING VAPOR GENERATOR 3 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Nov. V14, 1935 oooooooo oooooooo oooooooo-w oooooooc/ EU LH INVENTOR. Johann K//z'ng @LR m ATTORNEY.

April 12, 1938. .1. KLLING 2,114,252

VAPOR GENERATOR Filed Nov. 14, 1935 f s sheets-sheet 2 A ww Nw uw WN QN m R NN w mi INVENTOR. Johann Klling ATTORNEY.

pr E2, 1938. J. KLLING VAPOR GENERATOR 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 v Filed NOV. 14, 1955 GGOOO GGOGG GGOOO OOOGO O O G O O O O O O G O O. O O O O O O O O O G O O O G O O INVENTOR. Johann Kllz'ng ATTORNEY.

Patented Apr. 12, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFlCE VAPOR GENERATOR Application November 14, 1935, Serial No. 49,738 In Germany May Z6, 1934 7 Claims.

This invention has to do with vapor generating apparatus, and more particularly to boilers of the water tube type.

An object of this invention is to provide vapor generating apparatus wherein improved means is provided for supporting cross-tube bales which serve to direct the flow of heating gas through the boiler tubes.

A further object is to provide an improved form of boiler slag screen.

The above and other objects will be apparent from an examination of the following description and claims, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

l5 Fig. 1 is a vertical section somewhat diagrammatic in character, and illustrating the invention as applied to one form of two drum vertical tube boiler;

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the spacing arrangement of the tubes, the view being taken on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1 and illustrating a modified form of the invention;

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 1 and illustrating one manner O applying the invention to a four drum boiler of the bent tube type;

Fig. 5 is a View similar to Fig. 4 and illustrating a modified form of the application of the invention to a four drum bent tube boiler;

3() Fig. 6 is also similar to Fig. 4 and illustrates a further modied form;

Fig. '7 is a diagram illustrating the spacing of the tubes in the modification shown in Fig. 6, the View being taken on the line l-l of Fig. 6;

and

Fig. 8 is a View similar to Fig. '7 and taken on the line B-8 of Fig. 6.

According to one specic embodiment of the invention, there is provided a vapor generating apparatus which comprises means dening a chamber for the combustion of fuel, an upper steam and water drum, a lower water or mud drum, a group of tubes connecting the drums and arranged in rows extending both longitudinally and transversely of the drums and across the heating gas outlet of the combustion chamber, and a separate row of tubes also connecting the drums and being spaced apart a greater distance than the spacing of the irst named tubes 1and being oiset with respect to the transverse rows of the first named tubes. The tubes forming the separate row are disposed for a portion of their length at the combustion chamber side of the first-named tubes to provide a boiler slag screen for retarding the deposit of slag on the first-named tubes, and are disposed for another portion of their length between and transversely of the first-named tubes. A cross-tube baie is also provided and is supported by that portion of the separate row of tubes which extends be- .5 tween the rst named tubes.

Referring now in detail to the construction illustrated and particularly to the construction shown in Fig. l, it will be observed that there is represented a two-drum vertical tube boiler con- 1.0 sisting of a boiler-drum i, a mud-drum 2, a riser tube group 3, a downcomer tube group 4, and a superheater 5. The boiler is disposed above a combustion chamber i3 and the tube group 3 is disposed across the upper and outlet side of l5 the combustion chamber. Behind the tube group 3, the tubes of which are in line, there is located a tube row 6 of twice the pitch, offset by half the pitch. These tubes are passed across the tube group 3 and carry the baiile wall l. In 2-0 their upper part, they are located in iront of the tube group 3.

Fig. 2 shows the tube arrangement along the section 2-2 of Fig. l. The tubes of the tube group 3 may be replaced individually in the well- 25 known manner through the tube lanes which have been left free. v.At the upper part, the tubes 6 cross the tube group 3 a second time and carry the roof 8. The discharge end of tubes 6 may be located by means of lengthening tubes in the 30 steam space of the boiler-drum l.

In Fig. 3, a different way of arranging the tubes B is represented; rst they are located ahead of the tube group 3, then cross the latter and carry the baffle wall l, so as to be located on 35 the other side in front of the group. The tubes 6 may discharge below the roof 8 into the water space of the boiler-drum and may be lengthened, if necessary, up to the steam space by means of extension tubes, or they may pass through the 40 roof B, cross the tube group 3 another time, and may discharge directly into the steam space of the boiler-drum i.

Referring to the modification shown in Fig. 4, it will be observed that the invention is shown 45 as being applied to a four drum bent tube boiler which comprises three upper drums 2D, 2i, and 22 connected to a lower drum 23 by tubes 24, the latter being suitably divided into groups 26, 2l, 28, 29 and 30. posed between groups of tubes 26 and 21. The tubes 24 of the group 26 are arranged in rows extending both longitudinally and transversely of the drums, as in the previously described modification, and a separate row of tubes 32 connect 55 A superheater 3| may be dis- 50 the steam space of the drum 26 with the water drum 23 and are arranged for a portion of their length at the side of the group 26 which is nearest the combustion chamber 33. The lower portions of the tubes 32 extend transversely of and between the tubes 26 of the group 26 and thence downwardly and connect into the drum 23. A cross-tube bale 34 is supported by the portions of the tubes 32 which extend transversely of the group 26. I'he tubes 52 are preferably of wider spacing longitudinally of the drum than the tubes 2 4 of group 26. The tubes 32, in their position forward of the group 26 in the upper portion of the furnace, provide a slag screen arrangement which is similar to that shown in Fig. 2. This arrangement of widely spaced tubes forward of a group of closely spaced tubes is effective as a slag screen, when slag forming fuel is used, because the tubes provide for the quenching of molten slag and are spaced apart a sufficient distance that any slag adhering thereto will not easily bridge the spaces between tubes.

Referring to Fig. 5 of the drawings it will be observed that the invention is shown as applied to a four drum boiler of the bent-tube type, wherein cross-tube baiiies 46 and il and a longitudinal baflie 42 are arranged to provide flow paths for the heating gases from the combustion chamber 43 generally transverse of the boiler tubes, instead of generally parallel to the boiler tubes as described in Fig. 4. The boiler comprises upper drums 44, 45 and 46 and a lower drum 4l and the drums are connected by means of tubes 48 divided into groups 56, 5i, 52, 53 and 54. The cross-tube baffle 46 is supported by a row of tubes 55 which connects the rear upper drum 46 with the lower drum 4l. These tubes 55 extend between the tubes 48 in the manner described in connection with the previous modifications. The lower ends of tubes 55 are curved so as to extend parallel to the tubes 48 forming the group 50, but are not in transverse alignment with the tubes of group 56. The longitudinal balile 42 is supported by the lower portions of the row of tubes 55 and merges at its upper end into the cross-tube bailie 46. The cross-tube baille 4| is supported by a row of tubes 56 which also connect the rear drum 46 and lower drum 4l. The baie 4I provides with the bafiie 46 a return gas pass 5l across the boiler tubes 48. The upper vertical portions of tubes 55 and 56 are in alignment, and are offset with respect to the tubes 48 to permit their passing transversely between the latter. The lower ends of the tubes 56 are curved and extend downwardly and parallel to the lower ends of the tubes 55 and are connected into the drum 4l.

In Figs. 6, '7 and 8 of the drawings there is illustrated a further modification of my invention as applied to a four drum bent tube boiler. The upper drums are indicated by the reference characters 69, 6| and 62, and the lower mud drum by the reference character 63. The drums are connected by a plurality of steam generating tubes 64 divided into groups 65, 65, 6l, 68 and 69. Longitudinal baifles 76 and l'l, and crosstube baliies l2 and 'i3 provide transverse gas passes 74, 15, and 76, respectively. A row of tubes Tl' are connected at the lower end thereof to the mud drum 63 and extend upwardly in front of the group of tubes 65. The tubes 77 are offset with respect to the tubes of the group 65 and alternate tubes 'Ila of this row are bent so as to extend transversely of the tubes of the groups 65, 66 and 6l and are connected at their upper end to the middle drum 6i. The crosstube baille i2 is supported by the transversely extending portion of the tubes 71a. The remaining alternate tubes '1lb of the row 'I1 continue upwardly in front of the group 65 and connect into the front drum 66 to provide a boiler slag screen. 'I'he longitudinal bae 1D is supported by one row of the tubes 64 of the group 65. A second row of tubes 19 connects the mud drum 63 with the rear upper drum 62 and also extends transversely of and between the tubes 64 of the groups 66, 61, 68 and 69 for supporting the cross-tube baliie i3, the longitudinal baffle 1| being supported by tubes 64 of the rear group 69.

I claim:-

1. In vapor generating apparatus, the combination of means providing a chamber for the combustion of fuel, an upper drum, a lower drum, a group of vapor generating tubes connecting the drums and extending across the outlet side of said chamber, other tubes connected at corresponding ends to one of the drums and arranged in a row extending longitudinally of such drum, the tubes of said row being disposed for parts of their lengths at the combustion chamber side of the group of first-named tubes and substantially parallel to lower parts thereof for protecting the latter, and extending for parts of their lengths transversely of and between group-s of Erst-named tubes and connected to the other drum at points behind those tubes of the group which are nearest the combustion chamber, the tubes forming the row being spaced apart a greater distance than the distance between the tubes forming the group.

2. In vapor generating apparatus, the combination of means providing a chamber for the combustion of fuel, an upper drum, a lower drum, a group of vapor generating tubes connecting the drums and extending across the outlet side of said chamber, other tubes connected at one of their ends to the lower drum at the side nearest the combustion chamber and extending upwardly and at the combustion chamber side of said group for a part of their length and then transversely of the group and upwardly and connected at their upper ends to the upper drum, and a baliie supported by that portion of said last named tubes which extends across the group.

3. In a steam boiler, a furnace, spaced upper drums, a lower drum, spaced front and rear banks of tubes separately connecting the upper drums to the lower drum and constituting the main steam generating surface of the boiler, bale tubes connected to the lower drum alongside the front bank and having their upper ends connected to an upper drum near the tubes of another bank, said baffle tubes having their intermediate parts extending transversely of at least two of said banks, a baiiie supported by said intermediate parts and extending across the tubes of said banks to direct the furnace gases transversely of said banks of tubes in a single gas pass, said baille tubes having their lower parts located forwardly of the tubes of the front bank so as to have a slag screen effect.

l. In vapor generating apparatus, the combination of means providing a furnace combustion chamber, front and rear upper drums, a lower drum, a plurality of separate banks of vapor generating tubes separately connecting the upper drums with the lower drum and extending transversely of the path of the furnace gases, said banks constituting the main Vapor generating surface of the boilers, baffle tubes communicating with the lower drum and extending upwardly at the combustion chamber side of said banks for substantial parts of their lengths to act as slag screen tubes and then transversely of one of said banks, and a baffle supported by the transversely extending portions of the baie tubes, said baffle tubes being connected at their upper ends to the rear upper drum.

5. In a steam. boiler, a furnace, an upper drum, a lower drum, spaced banks of tubes connecting said drums and constituting the main steam gene erating surface of the boiler, a superheater between said banks, other tubes connected to the lower drum alongside one bank and having their upper ends connected to the upper drum near the tubes of another bank, said other tubes having their intermediate parts extending transversely of one of sai`d banks and between groups of the tubes in that bank, a baffle supported by said intermediate parts to direct the furnace gases transversely of the rst of said banks of tubes and then transversely of the superheater in a single gas pass, said baf'e extending across the tubes of one of said banks.

6. In vapor generating apparatus, the combination of means providing a furnace combustion chamber, front and rear upper drums, a lower drum, a plurality of separate banks of vapor generating tubes separately connecting the upper drums with the lower drum and extending transversely of the path of the furnace gases, said banks of tubes constituting the main vapor generating surface of the boiler, baille tubes communicating with the lower drum. and extending upwardly at one side of said banks for substantial parts of their lengths and then transversely of one of said banks, a baiiie supported by the transversely extending portions of the bafe tubes and separating first and second gas passes, said baie tubes being connected at their upper ends to the rear upper drum, and other baffle tubes connected to the lower drum and extending across a bank of tubes and supporting a bafe separating a second and third gas pass.

7. A bent tube boiler having a plurality of upper drums, means forming a lowersubmerged water chamber, front and rear banks of tubes connecting the upper drums to the lower submerged water chamber, sets of baille supporting tubes connecting said Water chamber with the upper drums, one set of said baille supporting tubes having portions extending alongside and in front of said front bank of tubes to constitute a slag screen, said sets of baille supporting tubes having transversely bent parts positioned between adjacent rows of the tubes of said banks, and bale forming means carried by said transversely bent parts.

JOHANN KLLING. 

